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| + | This page gives you the opportunity to redirect to the wiki covering this topic or stay on the [[Main Page|Carlsbad Caverns]]. |
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| − | [[File:World Heritage Logo svg.png|thumb|150px|[[Logo]] of the [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Committee]]]] |
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| − | <!---PLEASE do not add or remove any images without discussion on the talk page first. Try to keep this to ten images.---> |
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| + | Clicking on the link below will redirect you to the {{pagename}} Wikipedia article. |
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| − | [[File:Gizeh Cheops BW 1.jpg|150px|thumb|Site #86: [[Memphis, Egypt|Memphis]] and its [[Necropolis]], including the [[Giza pyramid complex|Pyramids of Giza]] ([[Egypt]]).]] |
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| − | [[File:Il Duomo Florence Italy.jpg|150px|thumb|Site #174: [[Historic centre of Florence|Historic centre]] of [[Florence]] in [[Tuscany]] ([[Italy]]).]] |
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| − | [[File:Liberty-statue-from-below.jpg|150px|thumb|Site #307: The [[Statue of Liberty]] ([[United States]]).]] |
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| − | [[File:UluruClip3ArtC1941.jpg|150px|thumb|Site #447: [[Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park|Uluru]] ([[Australia]]).]] |
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| − | [[File:Chichen-Itza-Castillo-Seen-From-East.jpj|150px|thumb|Site #483: [[Chichen Itza]] in [[Yucatán]] ([[Mexico]]).]] |
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| − | [[File:Sankt Petersburg Auferstehungskirche 2005 a.jpg|150px|thumb|Site #540: Historic Centre of [[St. Petersburg, Russia|St. Petersburg]] and its suburbs ([[Russia]]).]] |
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| − | [[File:武当山三清殿.jpg|150px|thumb|Site #705: Ancient Building Complex in the [[Wudang Mountains]], ([[China]]).]] |
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| − | [[File:Batad.jpg|150px|thumb|Site #722: The [[Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras]] in the mountains of [[Ifugao]] ([[Philippines]]).]] |
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| − | [[File:Colonia-Porton de Campo-murallas-TM.jpg|150px|thumb|Site #747:Historic Quarter of the City of [[Colonia del Sacramento]], ([[Uruguay]]).]] |
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| − | [[File:Kampala Kasubi Tombs.jpg|150px|thumb|Site #1022:[[Kasubi Tombs|Tombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi]], ([[Uganda]]).]] |
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| − | A '''UNESCO World Heritage Site''' is a place (such as a [[forest]], [[mountain]], [[lake]], [[desert]], [[monument]], [[building]], complex, or [[city]]) that is listed by the [[UNESCO]] as of special cultural or physical significance. The list is maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO [[World Heritage Committee]], composed of 21 [[Sovereign state|state parties]]<ref>According to the UNESCO World Heritage [[website]], [http://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/ States Parties] are countries that signed and ratified [http://whc.unesco.org/en/convention/ The World Heritage Convention]. As of November 2007, there are a total of 186 state parties.</ref> which are elected by their General Assembly.<ref>{{cite web |
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| − | |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/comittee/ |
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| − | |title=The World Heritage Committee |
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| − | |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Site |
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| − | |accessdate=2006-10-14 |
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| − | }}</ref> |
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| − | The program catalogues, names, and conserves sites of outstanding [[cultural heritage|cultural]] or [[natural heritage|natural]] importance to the common heritage of [[World population|humanity]]. Under certain conditions, listed sites can obtain funds from the World Heritage Fund. The programme was founded with the ''Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage'',<ref>[http://whc.unesco.org/archive/convention-en.pdf Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage]</ref> which was adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO on November 16, 1972. Since then, 186 state parties have ratified the convention. |
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| + | '''Take me to the Wikipedia [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Heritage_Site {{pagename}}] article'''. |
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| − | {{As of|2010}}, 911 sites are listed: 704 cultural, 180 natural, and 27 mixed properties, in 151 States Parties.<ref name="list">[http://whc.unesco.org/en/list World Heritage List], UNESCO World Heritage Sites official sites.</ref><ref name="New sites">[http://whc.unesco.org/en/news/453 Twenty-seven new sites inscribed], UNESCO World Heritage Sites official sites.</ref> [[Italy]] is home to the greatest number of World Heritage Sites to date with 45 sites inscribed on the list. UNESCO references each World Heritage Site with an identification number; but new inscriptions often include previous sites now listed as part of larger descriptions. As a result, the identification numbers exceed 1200 even though there are fewer on the list. |
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| − | While each World Heritage Site remains part of the legal territory of the state wherein the site is located, UNESCO considers it in the interest of the international community to preserve each site. |
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| + | Click here to return to the [http://carlsbad.wikia.com/wiki/Carlsbad_Caverns_Wiki Carlsbad Caverns] main page or just hit your browsers back button to return to your previous page. |
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| − | ==History== |
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| − | ===Pre-convention=== |
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| − | In 1954, the [[government of Egypt]] decided to build the [[Aswan Dam]] (Aswan High Dam), an event that would [[flood]] a [[valley]] containing [[treasure]]s of [[ancient Egypt]] such as the [[Abu Simbel]] temples. UNESCO then launched a worldwide safeguarding campaign. The Abu Simbel and [[Philae]] [[temple]]s were taken apart, moved to a higher location, and put back together piece by piece.<ref>[http://whc.unesco.org/en/169/ Brief History], UNESCO World Heritage Sites official sites.</ref> |
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| − | The cost of the project was [[US$]] 80 million, about $ 40 million of which was collected from 50 countries. The project was regarded as a success, and led to other safeguarding campaigns, saving [[Venice]] and its [[Venetian Lagoon|lagoon]] in [[Italy]], the ruins of [[Mohenjo-daro]] in [[Pakistan]], and the [[Borobodur]] Temple Compounds in [[Indonesia]]. UNESCO then initiated, with the [[International Council on Monuments and Sites]], a draft convention to protect the common cultural heritage of humanity. |
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| + | These Redirect pages can be eliminated in either of two ways. |
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| + | * #1 Create a article of our own for this page. |
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| + | * #2 On every page a {{Pagename}} link exists make a direct link to the original Wikipedia article. |
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| + | Things to think about: |
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| − | ===Convention and background=== |
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| + | * #1 Creating our own page for this article may add a superfluous amount of pages. |
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| − | {{See also|World Heritage Committee}} |
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| − | The [[United States]] initiated the idea of combining cultural conservation with nature conservation. A [[White House]] conference in 1965 called for a ‘World Heritage Trust’ to preserve "the world's superb natural and scenic areas and historic sites for the present and the future of the entire world citizenry." The [[International Union for Conservation of Nature]] developed similar proposals in 1968, and they were presented in 1972 to the United Nations conference on Human Environment in [[Stockholm]]. |
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| + | * #2 Some of these article links may be on hundreds of pages that would need direct links. |
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| − | A single text was agreed on by all parties, and the ''Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage'' was adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO on 16 November 1972. |
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| + | {{Stub}} |
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| − | ==Nominating process<!--This section is linked from [[Citadel of Arbil]]-->== |
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| − | A country must first take an inventory of its significant cultural and natural properties. This is called the Tentative List, and is important because a country may not nominate properties that have not already been included on the Tentative List. Next, it can select a property from this list to place into a Nomination File. The World Heritage Centre offers advice and help in preparing this file. |
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| − | At this point, the file is evaluated by the [[International Council on Monuments and Sites]] and the [[World Conservation Union]]. These bodies then make their recommendations to the World Heritage Committee. The Committee meets once per year to determine whether or not to inscribe each nominated property on the World Heritage List, and sometimes defers the decision to request more information from the country who nominated the site. There are ten selection criteria - a site must meet at least one of them to be included on the list. |
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| − | |||
| − | ==Selection criteria== |
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| − | Until the end of 2004, there were six criteria for cultural heritage and four criteria for natural heritage. In 2005, this was modified so that there is only one set of ten criteria. Nominated sites must be of "outstanding universal value" and meet at least one of the ten criteria.<ref>{{cite web |
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| − | |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/criteria/ |
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| − | |title=Criteria for Selection |
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| − | |publisher=World Heritage |
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| − | |accessdate=2006-10-14 |
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| − | }}</ref> |
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| − | ===Cultural criteria=== |
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| − | <!-- Please do not change to upper case roman numerals; original source uses lower case: |
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| − | http://whc.unesco.org/en/criteria (User:spiff) --> |
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| − | * (i) "represents a masterpiece of human creative genius" |
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| − | * (ii) "exhibits an important interchange of human values, over a span of time, or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town-planning, or landscape design" |
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| − | * (iii) "bears a unique or exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared" |
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| − | * (iv) "is an outstanding example of a type of building, architectural, or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates a significant stage in human history" |
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| − | * (v) "is an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement, land-use, or sea-use which is representative of a culture, or human interaction with the environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible change" |
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| − | * (vi) "is directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal significance" |
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| − | ===Natural criteria=== |
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| − | <!-- Please do not change to upper case roman numerals; original source uses lower case: |
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| − | http://whc.unesco.org/en/criteria (User:spiff) --> |
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| − | * (vii) "contains superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance" |
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| − | * (viii) "is an outstanding example representing major stages of Earth's history, including the record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic features" |
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| − | * (ix) "is an outstanding example representing significant on-going ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine ecosystems, and communities of plants and animals" |
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| − | * (x) "contains the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation" |
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| − | ==Statistics== |
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| − | {{See also|Table of World Heritage Sites by country}} |
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| − | There are 911 World Heritage Sites located in 151 States Parties. Of these, 704 are cultural, 180 are natural and 27 are mixed properties. The [[World Heritage Committee]] has divided the countries into five geographic zones: [[Africa]], [[Arab States]] (composed of [[North Africa]] and the [[Middle East]]), [[Asia-Pacific]] (includes [[Australia]] and [[Oceania]]), [[Europe]] & [[North America]] ([[United States]], and [[Canada]]) and [[Latin America]] & [[Caribbean]]. |
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| − | [[Russia]] and the [[Caucasus]] states are classified as European, while [[Mexico]] is classified as belonging to the Latin America & Caribbean zone, despite its location in North America. The UNESCO geographic zones also give greater emphasis on administrative, rather than geographic associations. Hence, [[Gough Island]], located in the [[South Atlantic]], is part of the Europe & North America region because the government of the [[United Kingdom]] nominated the site. |
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| − | The table below includes a breakdown of the sites according to these zones and their classification:<ref>[http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/stat Stats]</ref> |
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| − | {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 40%" |
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| − | ! style="width: 30%;" | Zone !! Cultural !! Natural !! Mixed !! Total |
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| − | |- align=center |
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| − | | align=left | '''[[Africa]]''' || 42 || 32 || 4 || 78 |
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| − | |- align=center |
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| − | | align=left | '''[[Arab States]]''' || 61 || 4 || 1 || 66 |
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| − | |- align=center |
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| − | | align=left | '''[[Asia and the Pacific|Asia-Pacific]]''' || 138 || 51 || 9 || 198<ref name=basin>The [[Uvs Nuur basin]] located in [[Russia]] and [[Mongolia]] is here included in [[Asia-Pacific]] zone.</ref> |
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| − | |- align=center |
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| − | | align=left | '''[[Europe]] & [[North America]]''' || 377 || 58 || 10 || 445<ref name=basin/> |
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| − | |- align=center |
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| − | | align=left | '''[[Latin America]] & [[Caribbean]]''' || 86 || 35 || 3 || 124 |
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| − | |- |
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| − | ! Total || 704 || 180 || 27 || 911 |
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| − | |} |
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| − | ==Lists of World Heritage Sites== |
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| − | * [[List of World Heritage Sites in Africa]] |
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| − | * [[List of World Heritage Sites in the Americas]] |
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| − | * [[List of World Heritage Sites in the Arab States]] |
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| − | * [[List of World Heritage Sites in Asia and Oceania]] |
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| − | * [[List of World Heritage Sites in Europe]] |
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| − | * [[List of World Heritage Sites in danger]] |
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| − | * [[Former UNESCO World Heritage Sites]] |
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| − | * [[Table of World Heritage Sites by country]] |
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| − | * [[Wonders of the World]] |
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| − | ==References== |
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| − | {{Reflist|2}} |
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| − | ==External links== |
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| − | * [http://whc.unesco.org UNESCO World Heritage portal] — Official website {{en icon}} and {{fr icon}} |
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| − | ** [http://whc.unesco.org/en/list The World Heritage List] — Official searchable list of all Inscribed Properties |
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| − | ** [http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/kml KML file of the World Heritage List] — Official [[Keyhole Markup Language|KML]] version of the list for [[Google Earth]] and [[NASA Worldwind]] |
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| − | ** [http://whc.unesco.org/en/forests whc.unesco.org/en/forests] — Official overview of the World Heritage Forest Program |
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| − | ** [http://whc.unesco.org/en/conventiontext Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage] — Official 1972 Convention Text in 7 languages |
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| − | *** [http://law-ref.org/HERITAGE/index.html The 1972 Convention at Law-Ref.org] — Fully indexed and crosslinked with other documents |
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| − | * [http://ocean.si.edu/blog/world-heritage-goes-marine World Heritage Site - Smithsonian Ocean Portal] |
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| − | * [http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1636166,00.html ''TIME magazine''. The Oscars of the Environment - UNESCO World Heritage Site] |
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| − | * [http://www.whitrap.org/index.aspx?Nav=1 World Heritage Institute of Training and Research] - UNESCO category 2 institute devoting to World Heritage in Asia-Pacific region |
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| − | * [http://www.patrimonium-mundi.org Patrimonium-mundi.org] — World Heritage sites in panophotographies - immersive and interactive spherical images |
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| − | * [http://www.worldheritagesite.org World Heritage Site] — private website |
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| − | * [http://www.worldheritagetour.com World Heritage Tour] — private traveller website |
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| − | * [http://www.thesalmons.org/lynn/world.heritage.html thesalmons.org's world heritage list] — Unofficial list with links and map of sites |
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| − | * [http://www.worldheritageproject.org WorldHeritageProject.org] — Photography, film, music and other artistic expressions. |
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| − | * [http://www.friendsofworldheritage.org/ Friends of World Heritage] — An non-profit organization that works with UNESCO to identify projects that support local tourism enterprises that can help alleviate poverty and conserve World Heritage sites. |
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| − | * [http://ovpm.org/?newlang=eng Organization of World Heritage Cities] — UNESCO-affiliated organization dealing with urban sites only |
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| − | * [http://www.vrheritage.org VRheritage.org] — Documentation of World Heritage Sites (inactive since 2002) |
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| − | * [http://www.heritagetraveller.com World Heritage Travel] — Histories and Guides to the World Heritage Sites |
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[[Category:World Heritage Sites| ]] |
[[Category:World Heritage Sites| ]] |
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Latest revision as of 22:58, 1 May 2014
This page gives you the opportunity to redirect to the wiki covering this topic or stay on the Carlsbad Caverns.
Clicking on the link below will redirect you to the World Heritage Site Wikipedia article.
Take me to the Wikipedia World Heritage Site article.
Click here to return to the Carlsbad Caverns main page or just hit your browsers back button to return to your previous page.
These Redirect pages can be eliminated in either of two ways.
- #1 Create a article of our own for this page.
- #2 On every page a World Heritage Site link exists make a direct link to the original Wikipedia article.
Things to think about:
- #1 Creating our own page for this article may add a superfluous amount of pages.
- #2 Some of these article links may be on hundreds of pages that would need direct links.